Travelling, Means of Transport

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=om8pppTm9to

Travelling is very popular in the 21st century.
There are many reasons for it, for instance:

Everyday travelling to school, work, shops, and back,
people want to see exciting places of the world such as castles, palaces, ruins, and churches,
some people travel on business,
others for political or cultural reasons, for scientific purposes, or participation in sport events,
tourism also plays a crucial role here, especially during the holiday.

TYPES OF HOLIDAYS

BEACH HOLIDAY
We spend a few days in a seaside resort. On the beach, we can do many activities: go swimming, sunbathing, sailing, windsurfing, diving, snorkeling, playing beach volleyball, or walk along the cliffs.

On the beach, a holidaymaker needs – a swimming costume (for women) or trunks (for men), beach towel, beach umbrella, suntan lotion, flip-flops, or sandals.

SIGHTSEEING HOLIDAY
We do a lot of sightseeing and admire historic buildings, churches, cathedrals, castles, palaces, statues, and parks.

CAMPING HOLIDAY
We sleep in a tent and have fun in the open air. When we go camping we need a sleeping bag, watch, penknife, food, map and a torch (BrE)/ flashlight (AmE).

WALKING HOLIDAY
We usually walk up the mountains. We need proper clothes and hiking boots, a map, a raincoat and a rucksack. (trekking = hiking)

PACKAGE HOLIDAY

A holiday organized by a travel company for which you pay a fixed price that includes the cost of the hotel and travel, and sometimes food.

As for food, we can book:

full board (includes breakfast, lunch and dinner)
half board (includes breakfast, and dinner)

We can get:

a single room (a room for one person with a single bed)
a double room (a room for two people with one large bed)
a twin room (a room for two people with two single beds)

Everything must be booked (reserved) in advance (before you go).

WHEN WE GO ON HOLIDAY ABROAD WE NEED:

valid passport or ID (identification document)
health insurance, accident, and baggage insurance
camera, map or GPS
luggage
currency (money used in other countries)
some medicine

TRAVELLING BY CAR

Advantages

It is fast and comfortable.
We can stop where we want and when we want.

Disadvantages

It is not a very safe means of transport. There are many traffic jams and accidents, and the roads are full.
Travelling by car also increases air pollution.
It is expensive travelling because the price of petrol is very high.

PARTS OF A CAR
bonnet, windscreen, wiper, wing mirror, boot/trunk, number plate, headlight, wheel, mudguard, speedometer, locker, engine, steering wheel, clutch, brake, accelerator, gear, dashboard, seatbelt

extra words to learn: parking ticket, road sign, speeding ticket, diversion, roundabout

TRAVELLING BY TRAIN

You can buy a return or a single ticket. It’s possible to buy a seat reservation. We sit in a compartment, and a conductor checks your train ticket. There are also sleeping cars and dining/restaurant cars.
There are slow trains, which stop at every station, and fast trains, which don’t. Sometimes you have to change trains, especially when you travel for a long distance.

Advantages:

Trains are usually very punctual. It means they run on time.
There are no stressful traffic jams.
Trains are usually fast and comfortable.
On the train, we can sit and read, work, sleep, walk or have a meal.

Disadvantages:

The train fare (money that we pay when we travel by train) for passengers is quite expensive, and the trains are sometimes crowded.

TRAVELLING BY BUS

It is travelling for long as well as short distances.

Advantages

It is fast, the bus fare is quite good,
buses are equipped with better seats, dark glasses against the sun, air – conditioning, television, radio,
there are typical buses in London: double-decker red buses.

Disadvantages

Buses are often crowded,
there are a lot of accidents and traffic jams which cause delays,
not enough legroom.

TRAVELLING BY UNDERGROUND

Name Metro is used in Prague or Paris, underground or tube in London, and subway in NYC.

Advantages

It is one of the fastest means of transport, especially in short distances,
relatively safe,
no traffic jams, always on time – very punctual,
runs very frequently,
the low cost of a ticket.

Disadvantages

Crowded platform full of hurried people.

TRAVELLING BY PLANE

Advantages

It is travelling for long distances,
it is exciting, fast, comfortable,
relatively safe,
the plane ticket is much cheaper when you fly off – season.

Disadvantages

Flying in high season is very expensive.
When you board the plane, you put your hand luggage in the overhead locker and your small bag under your seat.
When the plane is taking – off or landing, all passengers have to fasten their seat belts.
Cabin crew are people who look after passengers. Air hostess = stewardess is there for you if you need some help.

HITCH-HIKING

It is for people who love fun and adventure because it‘s a special type of travelling.

Advantages

Hitch-hiking is usually for free, so we save money,
we also save time.

Disadvantages

We can be robbed,
girls can be raped.

Useful phrases associated with hitch-hiking:
Can you give me a lift?
Can you drop me here?

TRAVELLING BY SHIP

On the ship, we will spend more time than on the plane. It is very comfortable, clean, safe and expensive.

Vocabulary

1. reason [ˈriːzn] skdôvod

2. scientific purposes [ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈpɜːpəsɪz] skvedecké účely

3. participation in [pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃᵊn ɪn] skúčasť na

4. participant in [pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt ɪn] skúčastník v

5. to participate in [tuː pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt ɪn] / take part in [teɪk pɑːt ɪn] skzúčastniť sa na

6. diving [ˈdaɪvɪŋ] skpotápanie

7. cliff [klɪf] skútes

8. towel [ˈtaʊəl] skuterák, osuška

9. flip-flops [flɪp-flɒps] skžabky, gumené sandále

10. sightseeing [ˈsaɪtˌsiːɪŋ] skprehliadka pamiatok

11. to do sightseeing skprezrieť si pamiatky

12. sightseeing holiday [ˈsaɪtˌsiːɪŋ ˈhɒlədeɪ] skpoznávací zájazd

13. sights [saɪts] skpamiatky, pamätihodnosti

14. to admire [tuː ədˈmaɪə] skobdivovať, kochať sa

15. camping [ˈkæmpɪŋ] skstanovanie, kempovanie

16. tent [tɛnt] skstan

17. in the open air [ɪn ði ˈəʊpən eə] skpod holým nebom

18. torch [tɔːʧ] / flashlight [ˈflæʃˌlaɪt] skbaterka

19. proper clothes [ˈprɒpə kləʊðz] skvhodné oblečenie

20. raincoat [ˈreɪnkəʊt] / mac (intosh) skpršiplášť

21. hiking [ˈhaɪkɪŋ] skturistika

22. walking holiday [ˈwɔːkɪŋ ˈhɒlədeɪ] skdovolenka s pešou turistikou

23. package holiday [ˈpækɪʤ ˈhɒlədeɪ] skzájazd cez cestovku

24. included [ɪnˈkluːdɪd] skzahrnutý

25. accommodation [əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃᵊn] skubytovanie

26. As for me [æz fɔː miː] skČo sa mňa týka

27. full board [fʊl bɔːd] skplná penzia

28. half board [hɑːf bɔːd] skpolpenzia

29. single room [ˌsɪŋ.ɡəl ˈruːm] skjednolôžková izba

30. double room [ˌdʌb.əl ˈruːm] skdvojlôžková izba s manželskou posteľou

31. twin room [twɪn ruːm] skdvojlôžková izba s oddelenými lôžkami

32. to book [tuː bʊk] skrezervovať si, objednať

33. in advance [ɪn ədˈvɑːns] skvopred, v predstihu

34. valid passport [ˈvælɪd ˈpɑːspɔːt] skplatný pas

35. health insurance [hɛlθ ɪnˈʃʊərəns] skzdravotné poistenie

36. baggage [ˈbæɡɪʤ] / luggage [ˈlʌɡɪʤ] skbatožina

37. currency [ˈkʌrənsi] skmena, platidlo

38. ID (identification card) [aɪ-diː] skobčiansky preukaz

39. advantage [ədˈvɑːntɪʤ] skvýhoda

40. disadvantage [ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪʤ] sknevýhoda

41. traffic jam [ˈtræfɪk ʤæm] skdopravná zápcha

42. to increase [tuː ˈɪnkriːs] skzvýšiť

43. pollution [pəˈluːʃᵊn] skznečistenie

44. petrol [ˈpɛtrəl] skbenzín

45. means of transport [miːnz ɒv ˈtrænspɔːt] skdopravné prostriedky

46. parts of the car skčasti auta

47. engine [ˈɛnʤɪn] skmotor

48. dashboard [ˈdæʃbɔːd] skpalubná doska

49. brake [breɪk] skbrzda

50. hand brake [hænd breɪk] skručná brzda

51. seat belt [siːt bɛlt] skbezpečnostný pás

52. wheel [wiːl] skkoleso

53. steering wheel [ˈstɪərɪŋ wiːl] skvolant

54. windscreen wiper [ˈwɪndskriːn ˈwaɪpə] skstierač

55. road sign [rəʊd saɪn] skdopravná značka

56. locker [ˈlɒkə] skskrinka

57. roundabout [ˈraʊndəbaʊt] skkruhový objazd

58. exit [ˈɛksɪt] skvýjazd

59. diversion [daɪˈvɜːʃᵊn] skobchádzka

60. bonnet [ˈbɒnɪt] skkapota

61. mudguard [ˈmʌdɡɑːd] skblatník

62. clutch [klʌʧ] skspojka

63. windscreen [ˈwɪndskriːn] skčelné sklo

64. headlights [ˈhɛdlaɪts] skpredné svetlá

65. boot [buːt] / trunk [trʌŋk] skkufor v aute

66. gear [ɡɪə] skprevodovka

67. number plate [ˈnʌmbə pleɪt] skŠPZ

68. accelerator [əkˈsɛləreɪtə] skplynový pedál

69. parking ticket [ˈpɑːkɪŋ ˈtɪkɪt] skpokuta za parkovanie

70. speeding ticket [ˈspiːdɪŋ ˈtɪkɪt] skpokuta za rýchlosť

71. punctual [ˈpʌŋktjʊəl] skpresný (časovo)

72. delayed [dɪˈleɪd] skomeškaný, oneskorený

73. conductor [kənˈdʌktə] sksprievodca vo vlaku

74. to change train skpresadať, prestúpiť na iný vlak

75. distance [ˈdɪstəns] skvzdialenosť

76. crowded [ˈkraʊdɪd] skpreplnený

77. fare [feə] skcestovné

78. return ticket [rɪˈtɜːn ˈtɪkɪt] skspiatočný lístok

79. single ticket [ˈsɪŋɡl ˈtɪkɪt] / one-way ticket [wʌn-weɪ ˈtɪkɪt] skjednosmerný lístok

80. seat reservation [siːt ˌrɛzəˈveɪʃᵊn] / priority seating [praɪˈɒrɪti ˈsiːtɪŋ] skmiestenka

81. slow train [sləʊ treɪn] skosobný vlak

82. fast train [fɑːst treɪn] skrýchlik

83. railway car [ˈreɪlweɪ kɑː] skželezničný vozeň, vagón

84. sleeping car [ˈsliːpɪŋ kɑː] skspací vozeň

85. dining car [ˈdaɪnɪŋ kɑː] skreštauračný vozeň

86. air conditioning [eə kənˈdɪʃnɪŋ] skklimatizácia

87. double decker [ˈdʌbᵊl dɛkə] skposchodový autobus

88. underground (tube) [ˈʌndəɡraʊnd] skmetro v GB

89. subway [ˈsʌbweɪ] skmetro v USA

90. frequently [ˈfriːkwəntli] skčasto

91. cheap [ʧiːp] sklacný

92. expensive [ɪksˈpɛnsɪv] skdrahý, nákladný finančne

93. off season [ɒf ˈsiːzn] skmimo sezóny

94. on season [ɒn ˈsiːzn] skpočas sezóny

95. crew [kruː] skposádka

96. to fasten [tuː ˈfɑːsn] skpripútať sa, zapnúť si pás

97. to hitchhike [tuː ˈhɪʧˌhaɪk] skcestovať autostopom

98. to rob [tuː rɒb] skokradnúť

99. to rape [tuː reɪp] skznásilniť

100. stewardess [ˈstjʊədɪs] / air hostess [eə ˈhəʊstɪs] / flight attendant [flaɪt əˈtɛndənt] skletuška

Môžete ma odviesť? – Can you give me a lift?

Môžete ma vysadiť tu? – Can you drop me here?

Asking the way, giving direction

Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the town centre? Prepáčte, ukázali by ste mi cestu do centra? Yes, sure. Samozrejme.
Excuse me, how can I get to the square? Ako sa dostanem na námestie?
Excuse me, where is the nearest restaurant? Prepáčte, kde tu je najbližšia reštaurácia?
Excuse me, is there a bank near here? Prepáčte, je tu niekde blízko banka?
Excuse me, what way is the bank? Prepáčte, ktorým smerom je banka?
Go straight ahead to the crossroad. = Go straight on as far as the crossroad. – Go up to the crossroad. Choďte rovno až ku križovatke. – Go along the road/street until the traffic lights. Choďte po tejto ceste až ku semaforom.
We have lost our way. Zablúdili sme.
You are going in the wrong direction/ way. Idete zle.
I’m sorry, I’m a stranger here. Go to another person. (You had better ask someone else.) Bohužiaľ nevyznám sa tu, radšej sa spýtajte niekoho iného.
How far is it? Ako ďaleko to je?
Is it far from here? Je to ďaleko?
It takes about 15 minutes. Trvá to asi 15 minút.
It’s near about 300 metres . Je to blízko, asi 300 metrov. – It’s near about 15 minutes’ walk/ drive. Je to blízko asi 15 minút peši/ autom.
It’s opposite the church. Je to oproti kostolu. – It’s behind the church. Je to za kostolom.
It’s next to the bank. Je to vedľa banky. – It’s in front of the bank. Je to pred bankou.
It’s round the corner. Je to za rohom.
Take the next turning on the left. Na prvej odbočke choďte doľava.
Go along the street/ road. Choďte po tejto ulici/ ceste.
Go past the bank. Choďte popri banke.
Go along the park/ the road, past the bank and the pub. Choďte popri parku, popri banke….
Go towards the church. Choďte smerom ku kostolu.
Go this way. Choďte týmto smerom.
Then, go by the river. Potom popri rieke.
Cross the road. / Go across the road. Prejdite cez cestu.
Cross the bridge. Prejdite cez most.
Cross under the bridge. Prejdite popod most.
Turn left. / Turn right. Zabočte doľava/doprava. – Turn left at the park. /Turn left at the crossroads. Pri parku zabočte doľava.
Turn right after the church. Za kostolom zabočte doprava.
Go to the roundabout and take the 2nd exit. Choďte na kruhový objazd a vyjdite na 2. východe.
You can’t miss it. Nemôžete to minúť.
You are welcome. Niet začo.
Not at all. Niet začo.
It was a pleasure for me. Rado sa stalo.