Fashion & Clothes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iu_UuI1VAus

People have different attitudes to fashion, which means everyone has a different style and taste.
There are DIFFERENT ATTITUDES towards fashion:

1. Some people don’t care what they wear, and they aren’t interested in fashion at all. They are slovenly and careless in dressing. They wear what they feel comfortable in, usually casual clothes.
Others, especially women, are very choosy, and they care a lot about themselves.They spend a lot of money (a fortune), often on brand-name clothes. They blow it.
Some people have an excellent taste in dressing and are always dressed trendy (very fashionable) and stylish (chic and attractive).They want to be dressed according to the latest fashion; they can follow the new style, trends through fashion magazines or fashion shows onTV.

Fashion is created by professionals called fashion designers, who invent new styles
and patterns. Famous fashion designers are Giorgio Armani, Calvin Klein, Gianni Versace, etc.

WHERE TO GET CLOTHES

we can buy ready-made clothes in a clothes shop, a boutique, an open market, or online
at the second-hand shops
a tailor or a dressmaker can make it for us

ACCESSORIES

shoes, jewellery (wrist watches, earrings, rings, necklaces, silver or golden chains, bangles), handbags, glasses, gloves, belts, baseball caps worn usually back to front, scarfs, sneakers/trainers, hats, ties, braces/suspenders, bow ties

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE WHAT WE WEAR

season of the year, social status, our mood, our taste, occasion, age

MATERIALS

Our clothes can be made from various kinds of materials like:

traditional natural materials such as cotton, wool, linen, velvet, genuine leather, denim, and silk
polyester/artificial fibres

Generally, many people usually looks for washable, non-iron, colourfast, crease-resistant,
and shrink-resistant fabric/materials.

PATTERNS

There are different kinds of patterns: floral pattern, checked, spotted or dotted, coloured
pattern, striped, plain fabric = single colour fabric

I like wearing neutral colours such as black, cream, olive green, white and dark blue because they are versatile. I don´t like strong and bright colour.

SUMMER CLOTHES

In summer we all prefer light and airy summer dress such as:

shirts with short sleeves or sleeveless shirts
loose blouses with a low neckline and with short sleeves or without sleeves
shorts or Bermuda shorts
T-shirts

Today cotton T-shirts decorated with labels, embroidery, or printing enjoy the greatest
popularity.

On our feet, we put on sandals and sneakers/trainers. Flip-flops became the biggest fashion trend. When we go swimming, we wear a swimming costume (bikini, one-piece or two-pieces) and trunks for men. Sometimes we take a straw hat. If it is a rainy season on our feet, we put on rubber boots/ Wellingtons.

WINTER CLOTHES

In winter we need to wear something warm, so warmer materials such as: cotton and wool are preferred. We put on more layers. We usually wear: T-shirt with long sleeves, suits, trousers, jeans, denim skirt, warm tights, cardigans, pullover, polo neck, sweater, anorak and parka, winter coat/ overcoat, jacket, fur coat, gloves or mittens, woolly cap, hat, scarf and winter shoes and boots of course.

CLOTHES FOR
SPECIAL OCCASIONS

Formal situations, such as public parties, balls, concerts, theatre performances,
require formal, smart, and proper clothes.
LADIES’ WEAR: an evening dress, evening gown/ball gown, sleeveless dress, pumps,
handbag and different accessories (necklace, bracelet, earrings, rings)

MEN´S WEAR: a dark suit, a light shirt, a tie, dark leather shoes, sometimes a tuxedo

SPORTSWEAR: We put on sportswear, such as shorts, T-shirts, anoraks or
parkas, tracksuit and sports shoes (sneakers /trainers), football boots

CASUAL WEAR: We like to feel comfortable, and so we prefer casual clothes:
baggy/loose jeans, tracksuit, T-shirts of different colours, loose hoodies, and on our
feet slippers.

For cleaning, to the garden or workshop, we must put on an apron or dungarees/ overalls not to get dirty.

UNIFORMS

Special kinds of clothes are uniforms. They are worn by the police, health workers, firefighters,
soldiers, cooks, waiters, flight attendants, shop assistants, and others.
It is still a tradition in some schools in Britain to wear a school uniform.

Good points about wearing uniforms:

they save your money because they are cheaper than trendy clothes
they hide financial differences in families
they save your time, especially in the morning when you need to get dressed for school

Bad points about wearing uniforms:

wearing compulsory uniforms limits students’ freedom = not enough freedom in dressing
uniforms are less comfortable than students’ clothing
are impractical
you can’t express your personality and style

The main reason for wearing them is to hide social and financial differences among
children.

‘Clothes make the man’

There is the old saying, ‘Clothes make the man.’ This saying is very true because clothes can reveal people´s origin, religion, financial situation, status in society, and attitude to fashion. E.g., Islamic women (especially from Afghanistan and Pakistan) wear long, dark clothes and veils to cover their whole bodies. Their clothes reveal their religion and faith.

VERBS RELATING TO CLOTHES

get dressed, get undressed, take off, put on, wear, try on, change into

FASTENING

do sth up – a general word for fastening: Do your coat up.
undo – Undo the buttons, Jamie, it’s not cold at all.
button sth up / unbutton sth – Button up! It’s getting cold.
zip sth up / unzip sth – Zip up your jacket , it’s cold out there.
safety pin /lace – She laced her boots.

FIT – These jeans fit you very well.
SUIT – It is a nice coat, but it doesn´t really suit you.

IN A CLOTHES SHOP

– I like it – it’s nice/lovely.
– I’ll take it/ them. = when you decide to buy something in a shop
– I’ll leave it/ them, thanks. = if you decide not to buy something
– The jacket is too long.
– It is too big/ too short.
– These trousers are very tight.
– The T-shirt is too loose.
– The shirt doesn’t fit.
– It’s the wrong size.
– What size are you?
– What size do you take?
– I’m a size 40.
– I take size 40. (small/ medium/ large/extra large)
– I like wearing a versatile jacket. = I can wear it on different occasions.
– I need to get/buy a new outfit for my brother’s wedding.

Vocabulary

1. fabric [ˈfæbrɪk] – látka, tkanina
2. cotton [ˈkɒt ə n] – bavlna
3. wool [wʊl] – vlna
4. silk [sɪlk] – hodváb
5. velvet [ˈvelvɪt] – zamat
6. linen [ˈlɪnɪn] – ľan
7. genuine leather [ˈdʒenjʊɪn ˈleðə] – pravá koža
8. denim [ˈdenɪm] – rifľový, rifľovina
9. synthetic fibre [sɪnˈθetɪk ˈfaɪbə] – umelé vlákno
10. shrink resistant [ʃrɪŋk rɪˈzɪstənt] – nezrážanlivé
11. crease resistant [kriːs rɪˈzɪstənt] – nekrčivé
12. washable [ˈwɒʃəb ə l] – prateľný, dá sa prať
13. waterproof [ˈwɔːtəˌpruːf] – nepremokavé
14. non-iron [ˌnɒn ˈaɪən] – netreba žehliť
15. patterns [ˈpætəns] – vzory
16. plain [pleɪn] – jednofarebný, bez vzoru
17. coloured [ˈkʌləd] – farebný
18. dotted [ˈdɒtɪd] / spotted [ˈspɒtɪd] – bodkovaný
19. flowered [ˈflaʊəd] – kvietkovaný
20. striped [straɪpt] – pásikavý, pruhovaný
21. checked [tʃekt] – károvaný, kockovaný
22. transparent [trænsˈpærənt] – priesvitný
23. sleeves [sliːvs] – rukávy
24. with long sleeves [wɪθ lɒŋ sliːvs] – s dlhými rukávmi
25. with short sleeves [wɪθ ʃɔːt sliːvs] – s krátkymi rukávmi

26. sleeveless [ˈsliːvlɪs] – bez rukávov
27. beach clothes [biːtʃ kləʊðz ] – plážové oblečenie
28. bermuda shorts [bəˈmjuːdə ʃɔːts ] – bermudy
29. swimsuit [ˈswɪm ˌsjuːt] – plavky pre ženy jednodielne
30. trunks [trʌŋks] – plávky pre mužov
31. flip–flops [flɪp flɒps ] – žabky (gumené sandále)
32. sandals [ˈsænd ə ls] – sandále
33. skirt [skɜːt] – sukňa
34. T-shirt [ˈtiːˌʃɜːt] – tričko
35. dress [dres] – šaty
36. winter clothes [ˈwɪntə kləʊðz] – zimné oblečenie
37. anorak [ˈænəˌræk] – bunda. vetrovka
38. coat [kəʊt] – kabát
39. jacket [ˈdʒækɪt] – bunda, sako
40. hoodie [hʊdɪ] – mikina s kapucňou
41. sweatshirt [ˈswetˌʃɜːt] – mikina so zipsom
42. gloves [glʌvs] / mittens [ˈmɪt ə n] – rukavice
43. scarf [skɑːf] – šál, šatka
44. cap [kæp] / baseball cap [ˈbeɪsˌbɔːl kæp] – čiapka / šiltovka
45. woollen cap [ˈwʊlən kæp] – vlnená čiapka
46. sweater [ˈswetə] / jumper [ˈdʒʌmpə] / pullover [ˈpʊlˌəʊvə] – pulóver
47. ladies‘ wear [ˈleɪdɪs weə] – dámske oblečenie
48. dress [dres] – šaty
49. suit [sjuːt] – kostým, oblek
50. skirt [skɜːt] – sukňa

51. blouse [blaʊz] – blúzka
52. night gown [naɪt gaʊn ] / nightdress [naɪt dres] – nočná košeľa
53. ball [bɔːl] / evening gown [ˈiːvnɪŋ gaʊn] – plesové / večerné šaty
54. knickers [ˈnɪkəz] / panties [ˈpæntɪz] – dámske nohavičky
55. underwear [ˈʌndəˌweə] – spodná bielizeň
56. bra [brɑː] – podprsenka
57. pair of stocking [peə ɒv ˈstɒkɪŋ] / tights [taɪts] – pančuchy
58. men’s wear [mens weə] – pánske oblečenie
59. trousers [ˈtraʊzəz] – nohavice
60. socks [sɒks] – ponožky
61. vest [vest] – tielko
62. shirt [ʃɜːt] – košeľa
63. boxer shorts [ˈbɒksə ʃɔːts ] / boxers – boxerky, trenírky
64. formal wear [ˈfɔːməl weə] – spoločenské oblečenie
65. cloth [klɒθ] – látka, tkanina
66. tuxedo [tʌkˈsiːdəʊ] – smoking
67. tie [taɪ] – kravata
68. bow tie [bəʊ taɪ] – motýlik
69. street wear [striːt weə] / casual wear [ˈkæʒjʊəl weə] – bežné / neformálne oblečenie
70. jeans [dʒiːnz] – rifle
71. tracksuit [ˈtræk ˌsjuːt] – tepláková súprava
72. tracksuit trousers [ˈtræk ˌsjuːt ˈtraʊzəz ] – tepláky
73. pyjamas [pəˈdʒɑːməz] – pyžamo
74. workwear [wɜːk weə ] – pracovné oblečenie
75. overalls [ˈəʊvərˌɔːls] – pracovná kombinéza
76. uniform [ˈjuːnɪˌfɔːm] – uniforma

77. apron [ˈeɪprən] – zástera na varenie
78. boots [buːts] – čižmy
79. Wellingtons [ˈwelɪŋtəns] – gumáky
80. high-heel shoes [haɪ hiːl ʃuːs] – topánky na vysokom opätku
81. low-heel shoes [ləʊ hiːl ʃuːs] – topánky na nízkom opätku
82. slippers [ˈslɪpəs] – papuče, šľapky
83. sneakers [ˈsniːkəs] / trainers [ˈtreɪnə] – tenisky
84. accessories [əkˈsesərɪs] – doplnky
85. bracelet [ˈbreɪslɪt] – náramok
86. earrings [ˈɪəˌrɪŋs] – náušnice
87. jewellery [ˈdʒuːəlrɪ] – šperky
88. belt [belt] – opasok
89. ring [rɪŋ] – prsteň
90. handbag [ˈhændˌbæg] – kabelka
91. sunglasses [ˈsʌnˌglɑːsɪz] – slnečné okuliare
92. necklace [ˈneklɪs] – náhrdelník
93. brooch [brəʊtʃ] – brošňa
94. beads [biːds] – korále
95. chain [tʃeɪn] – retiazka
96. wear [weə] – nosiť, mať oblečené
97. get dressed [get drest] – obliecť sa
98. put on sth [pʊt ɒn] – obliecť si
99. take off [teɪk ɒf] – zobliecť si, zobuť si
100. do up [duːʌp] – zapnúť si
101. undo [ʌnˈduː] – rozopnúť si, rozviazať
102. zip up [zɪp ʌp] & unzip [ʌnˈzɪp] – zapnúť zips / rozopnúť zips
103. button up [ˈbʌt ə n ʌp] & unbutton [ʌnˈbʌt ə n] – zapnúť gombík / rozopnúť gombík